Hmm I'm not sure for CVT, but this is from my experience on my 4AT.
Engine brake can happen at any gear, including Overdrive. On final gear(OD), engine brake happens at any speed above 55km/h. Try it! Release the accelerator and you will feel a drag on your car, and your speed drops very fast. After that, accelerate to the same speed, and try it this time, but in Neutral. You can feel the difference with and without engine brake.
The thing is, below 55km/h, engine brake will stop, and your car will freeroll(you can actually feel the drag go away, like a push). This isn't good when you're going to stop, you'll want engine brake to the last moment, as you consume ZERO fuel when you are engine braking. Its a feature found in modern cars.
So, as I slow down to a stop, I turn off OD at around 60km/h, bring my RPM up to enable engine brake on 3rd gear, than shift to 2 at around 40km/h. It saves you fuel, and it reduces wear on your brakes. Downside is, people say frequent shifting of gears is not good.
Just one of the way I achieve my above average FC.
